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Guides for makers

In-depth, practical guides on the maths and methods behind good woodworking, DIY, and electronics. Each one explains the why, works through real examples, and links to the calculators that do the sums for you.

How to Calculate Board Feet (With Examples)

A clear guide to the board foot — what it measures, the formula, how to handle rough vs. surfaced lumber, and worked examples for pricing hardwood.

Nominal vs. Actual Lumber Sizes Explained

Why a 2×4 isn't two inches by four, the actual dimensions of common boards, and how to design around real sizes instead of nominal labels.

Understanding Wood Movement (and How to Design for It)

Why wood expands and contracts with the seasons, how much to expect, and the construction techniques that let solid wood move without cracking.

Pilot Holes and Screw Sizes: A Practical Guide

How to drill pilot, clearance, and countersink holes for wood screws, why each matters, and how hardwood and softwood differ.

Stair Rise and Run Basics

How to divide a total rise into comfortable, even steps, the rise-and-run rules of thumb, and why uniform risers matter for safety.

How to Read Resistor Color Codes

Decode the colored bands on a resistor into its resistance and tolerance, with the color-to-digit chart and worked examples for 4, 5, and 6-band parts.